Merge pull request 'Registry writes apply to the running settings without ReloadSettings' (#39) from fix/registry-auto-reload into main

A 3-node rehearsal found that saving an MtaDeliverySchedule left it
unknown to the queue ("Queue strategy not found") until someone ran
x:Action ReloadSettings; only Directory and Authentication writes
reloaded (DIR-17). The admin UI has to remember a separate reload after
every save, and a script or API client that doesn't gets a server
running stale settings.

x:<Object>/set now reloads the running settings when it created,
updated or destroyed an object they are built from, and broadcasts the
same RegistryChange::Reload over the coordinator as ReloadSettings, so
every node applies it:

- Settings objects (MTA, spam filter, listeners, tracers, Sieve system
  scripts, cluster roles, directories, ...: the object types the core,
  telemetry, listener and directory builders read) get a full reload.
- Certificates, lookup stores and blocked/allowed IPs get their own
  targeted reloads.
- Accounts, domains, roles and other data read as needed, stores (they
  take a restart) and applications (their own reload action) get none.

Full reloads are coalesced: a write waits for a reload that started
after it was stored and joins one if it can, so a burst of writes, or
a request with many objects, costs one or two reloads, not one each.

The write itself is never undone. When the reload is refused (build
errors in objects that were working, the rule from the previous
commit), the set response says so in a new x:settingsReload field,
{"applied": false, "description": "Saved, but the running settings
were not reloaded. <object>: <error>"}; {"applied": true} otherwise.
The field is absent when the write needs no reload. The description
helper is shared with ReloadSettings' refusal.

Each reload sends the queue a ReloadSettings event, so the SMTP test
harness's read_event, try_read_event and assert_no_events now pass over
those; expect_reload_settings still waits for one.

system::auto_reload::settings_reload_tests (new): an MtaVirtualQueue
and an MtaDeliverySchedule created over JMAP are in the running
settings with no ReloadSettings, and gone once destroyed; eight
concurrent creates all land; a write whose reload fails is stored and
reported applied: false with the error; a domain write carries no
x:settingsReload. On main the new schedule is missing. The cluster
broadcast test (three nodes, PostgreSQL + NATS) now checks that every
node has a schedule created on node 0 without a reload.

crates/common/src/cache/reload.rs

@@ -13,20 +13,27 @@ use crate::{
         storage::Storage,
         telemetry::Telemetry,
     },
-    ipc::{QueueEvent, RegistryChange},
+    ipc::{BroadcastEvent, QueueEvent, RegistryChange},
     network::security::{BlockedIps, IpWithTtl},
 };
 use ahash::AHashMap;
 use directory::Directories;
 use registry::{
     schema::{prelude::ObjectType, structs::BlockedIp},
-    types::error::{Error, Warning},
+    types::{
+        error::{Error, Warning},
+        id::ObjectId,
+    },
 };
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use store::{LookupStores, registry::bootstrap::Bootstrap, write::now};
 
 pub struct ReloadResult {
+    /// Errors that kept the reload from being applied.
     pub errors: Vec<Error>,
+    /// inbuxa: errors in objects that already failed when the running
+    /// settings were built; logged, but they don't refuse a reload.
+    pub known_errors: Vec<Error>,
     pub warnings: Vec<Warning>,
     pub replaced_core: bool,
 }
@@ -114,42 +121,60 @@ impl Server {
                     directories: directory.directories,
                 };
 
-                // Parse tracers
+                // inbuxa: upstream swapped the core only when the whole build
+                // was free of errors, while boot runs with whatever built. So one
+                // object that failed (a DNS lookup that timed out, say) refused
+                // every later reload, cluster-wide when the reload came from
+                // ReloadSettings, and the running settings went stale. Now a
+                // reload is refused only for errors in objects that built when
+                // the running settings were built: those would be lost by
+                // applying it. Objects that already failed then are missing
+                // from the running settings anyway, as at boot, so their
+                // errors are reported but don't hold the reload back.
                 let tracers = Telemetry::parse(&mut bootstrap, &storage).await;
+                let core = Box::pin(Core::parse(&mut bootstrap, storage)).await;
+                let mut servers = Listeners::parse(&mut bootstrap).await;
 
-                if bootstrap.errors.is_empty() {
-                    let core = Box::pin(Core::parse(&mut bootstrap, storage)).await;
+                if !self.has_new_build_errors(&bootstrap.errors) {
+                    servers
+                        .parse_tcp_acceptors(&mut bootstrap, self.inner.clone())
+                        .await;
 
-                    if bootstrap.errors.is_empty() {
-                        let mut servers = Listeners::parse(&mut bootstrap).await;
-                        servers
-                            .parse_tcp_acceptors(&mut bootstrap, self.inner.clone())
-                            .await;
+                    if !self.has_new_build_errors(&bootstrap.errors) {
+                        // Update core
+                        self.inner.shared_core.store(core.into());
 
-                        if bootstrap.errors.is_empty() {
-                            // Update core
-                            self.inner.shared_core.store(core.into());
+                        // Update tracers
+                        tracers.update();
 
-                            // Update tracers
+                        // Reload queue settings
+                        self.inner
+                            .ipc
+                            .queue_tx
+                            .send(QueueEvent::ReloadSettings)
+                            .await
+                            .ok();
 
-                            tracers.update();
+                        self.record_build_errors(&bootstrap.errors);
 
-                            // Reload queue settings
-                            self.inner
-                                .ipc
-                                .queue_tx
-                                .send(QueueEvent::ReloadSettings)
-                                .await
-                                .ok();
-
-                            return Ok(ReloadResult {
-                                errors: bootstrap.errors,
-                                warnings: bootstrap.warnings,
-                                replaced_core: true,
-                            });
-                        }
+                        return Ok(ReloadResult {
+                            errors: Vec::new(),
+                            known_errors: bootstrap.errors,
+                            warnings: bootstrap.warnings,
+                            replaced_core: true,
+                        });
                     }
                 }
+
+                let (known_errors, errors) = std::mem::take(&mut bootstrap.errors)
+                    .into_iter()
+                    .partition(|error| self.is_known_build_error(error));
+                return Ok(ReloadResult {
+                    errors,
+                    known_errors,
+                    warnings: bootstrap.warnings,
+                    replaced_core: false,
+                });
             }
         }
 
@@ -163,7 +188,7 @@ impl ReloadResult {
     }
 
     pub fn log(&self) {
-        for error in &self.errors {
+        for error in self.errors.iter().chain(&self.known_errors) {
             error.log();
         }
         for warning in &self.warnings {
@@ -176,8 +201,232 @@ impl From<Bootstrap> for ReloadResult {
     fn from(bootstrap: Bootstrap) -> Self {
         Self {
             errors: bootstrap.errors,
+            known_errors: Vec::new(),
             warnings: bootstrap.warnings,
             replaced_core: false,
         }
     }
 }
+
+// inbuxa: which objects failed to build for the running settings
+impl Server {
+    /// Records the objects that failed to build for the settings now running.
+    pub fn record_build_errors(&self, errors: &[Error]) {
+        *self.inner.data.build_errors.lock() = errors.iter().filter_map(error_object).collect();
+    }
+
+    fn is_known_build_error(&self, error: &Error) -> bool {
+        error_object(error).is_some_and(|id| self.inner.data.build_errors.lock().contains(&id))
+    }
+
+    fn has_new_build_errors(&self, errors: &[Error]) -> bool {
+        errors.iter().any(|error| !self.is_known_build_error(error))
+    }
+}
+
+fn error_object(error: &Error) -> Option<ObjectId> {
+    match error {
+        Error::Validation { object_id, .. }
+        | Error::Build { object_id, .. }
+        | Error::NotFound { object_id } => Some(*object_id),
+        Error::Internal { object_id, .. } => *object_id,
+    }
+}
+
+// inbuxa: upstream applied a registry write to the running settings only on
+// an explicit x:Action ReloadSettings (Directory and Authentication aside), so
+// a new MtaDeliverySchedule, say, stayed unknown ("Queue strategy not found")
+// until someone reloaded. Writes to objects the settings are built from now
+// reload them, here and across the cluster, as ReloadSettings does.
+
+/// Coalesces the full reloads that registry writes trigger: a write waits for
+/// a reload that started after it was stored, and joins one if it can, so a
+/// burst of writes costs a reload or two rather than one each.
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct SettingsReloadGate {
+    requested: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64,
+    state: tokio::sync::Mutex<SettingsReloadState>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct SettingsReloadState {
+    completed: u64,
+    refused: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// The reload a write to `object` calls for: the object to reload, or None
+/// when the running settings don't hold that object (accounts, domains and
+/// other data read as needed, stores, which take a restart, and objects with
+/// reload actions of their own, such as applications).
+pub fn write_reload_target(object: ObjectType) -> Option<ObjectType> {
+    match object {
+        ObjectType::Certificate => Some(ObjectType::Certificate),
+        ObjectType::MemoryLookupKey
+        | ObjectType::MemoryLookupKeyValue
+        | ObjectType::HttpLookup
+        | ObjectType::StoreLookup => Some(ObjectType::StoreLookup),
+        ObjectType::BlockedIp | ObjectType::AllowedIp => Some(ObjectType::BlockedIp),
+        ObjectType::AcmeProvider
+        | ObjectType::AddressBook
+        | ObjectType::AiModel
+        | ObjectType::Asn
+        | ObjectType::Authentication
+        | ObjectType::Cache
+        | ObjectType::Calendar
+        | ObjectType::CalendarAlarm
+        | ObjectType::CalendarScheduling
+        | ObjectType::ClusterRole
+        | ObjectType::DataRetention
+        | ObjectType::Directory
+        | ObjectType::DkimReportSettings
+        | ObjectType::DmarcReportSettings
+        | ObjectType::DnsResolver
+        | ObjectType::DsnReportSettings
+        | ObjectType::Email
+        | ObjectType::EventTracingLevel
+        | ObjectType::FileStorage
+        | ObjectType::Http
+        | ObjectType::HttpForm
+        | ObjectType::Imap
+        | ObjectType::Jmap
+        | ObjectType::Metrics
+        | ObjectType::MtaConnectionStrategy
+        | ObjectType::MtaDeliverySchedule
+        | ObjectType::MtaExtensions
+        | ObjectType::MtaHook
+        | ObjectType::MtaInboundSession
+        | ObjectType::MtaInboundThrottle
+        | ObjectType::MtaMilter
+        | ObjectType::MtaOutboundStrategy
+        | ObjectType::MtaOutboundThrottle
+        | ObjectType::MtaQueueQuota
+        | ObjectType::MtaRoute
+        | ObjectType::MtaStageAuth
+        | ObjectType::MtaStageConnect
+        | ObjectType::MtaStageData
+        | ObjectType::MtaStageEhlo
+        | ObjectType::MtaStageMail
+        | ObjectType::MtaStageRcpt
+        | ObjectType::MtaSts
+        | ObjectType::MtaTlsStrategy
+        | ObjectType::MtaVirtualQueue
+        | ObjectType::NetworkListener
+        | ObjectType::OidcProvider
+        | ObjectType::ReportSettings
+        | ObjectType::Search
+        | ObjectType::Security
+        | ObjectType::SenderAuth
+        | ObjectType::Sharing
+        | ObjectType::SieveSystemInterpreter
+        | ObjectType::SieveSystemScript
+        | ObjectType::SieveUserInterpreter
+        | ObjectType::SieveUserScript
+        | ObjectType::SpamClassifier
+        | ObjectType::SpamDnsblServer
+        | ObjectType::SpamDnsblSettings
+        | ObjectType::SpamFileExtension
+        | ObjectType::SpamPyzor
+        | ObjectType::SpamRule
+        | ObjectType::SpamSettings
+        | ObjectType::SpamTag
+        | ObjectType::SpfReportSettings
+        | ObjectType::SystemSettings
+        | ObjectType::TaskManager
+        | ObjectType::TlsReportSettings
+        | ObjectType::Tracer
+        | ObjectType::WebDav
+        | ObjectType::WebHook => Some(object),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+impl Server {
+    /// Applies a stored registry write to `object` to the running settings,
+    /// and on success tells the other nodes to do the same. Returns None when
+    /// the write needs no reload, Some(Ok(())) when it was applied, and
+    /// Some(Err(reason)) when the reload was refused (the write stays stored;
+    /// ReloadSettings reports the same errors).
+    pub async fn reload_after_write(&self, object: ObjectType) -> Option<Result<(), String>> {
+        let target = write_reload_target(object)?;
+        let change = RegistryChange::Reload(target);
+
+        if matches!(
+            target,
+            ObjectType::Certificate | ObjectType::StoreLookup | ObjectType::BlockedIp
+        ) {
+            // Cheap, and limited to their own objects
+            let result = self.reload_and_broadcast(change).await;
+            return Some(result);
+        }
+
+        let gate = &self.inner.data.settings_reload;
+        let ticket = gate
+            .requested
+            .fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::SeqCst)
+            + 1;
+        let mut state = gate.state.lock().await;
+        if state.completed >= ticket {
+            // A reload that started after this write was stored has run
+            return Some(state.refused.clone().map_or(Ok(()), Err));
+        }
+        let covers = gate.requested.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::SeqCst);
+        let result = self.reload_and_broadcast(change).await;
+        state.completed = covers;
+        state.refused = result.clone().err();
+        Some(result)
+    }
+
+    async fn reload_and_broadcast(&self, change: RegistryChange) -> Result<(), String> {
+        match Box::pin(self.reload_registry(change)).await {
+            Ok(reload) if !reload.has_errors() => {
+                reload.log();
+                self.cluster_broadcast(BroadcastEvent::RegistryChange(change))
+                    .await;
+                Ok(())
+            }
+            Ok(reload) => {
+                reload.log();
+                let reason = describe_reload_errors(&reload.errors);
+                trc::event!(
+                    Registry(trc::RegistryEvent::BuildWarning),
+                    Details = "Settings didn't reload after a registry write",
+                    Reason = reason.clone(),
+                );
+                Err(reason)
+            }
+            Err(err) => {
+                let reason = err.to_string();
+                trc::error!(err.details("Failed to reload settings after a registry write"));
+                Err(reason)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// inbuxa: a refused reload's errors in a sentence: the first one, naming its
+/// object, and how many more there are.
+pub fn describe_reload_errors(errors: &[Error]) -> String {
+    let mut description = match errors.first() {
+        Some(Error::Build { object_id, message }) => format!("{object_id}: {message}"),
+        Some(Error::Validation { object_id, errors }) => format!(
+            "{object_id}: {}",
+            errors
+                .iter()
+                .map(|err| err.to_string())
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                .join("; ")
+        ),
+        Some(Error::Internal {
+            object_id: Some(object_id),
+            error,
+        }) => format!("{object_id}: {error}"),
+        Some(Error::Internal { error, .. }) => error.to_string(),
+        Some(Error::NotFound { object_id }) => format!("{object_id} was not found"),
+        None => String::new(),
+    };
+    let more = errors.len().saturating_sub(1);
+    if more > 0 {
+        description.push_str(&format!(" ({more} more in the server log.)"));
+    }
+    description
+}

crates/common/src/config/inner.rs

@@ -93,9 +93,11 @@ impl Data {
             registry_id_gen: id_generator.clone(),
             span_id_gen: id_generator,
             queue_status: true.into(),
+            settings_reload: Default::default(),
             applications,
             logos: Default::default(),
             smtp_connectors: TlsConnectors::try_new().failed("Failed to build TLS connectors"),
+            build_errors: Default::default(),
             asn_geo_data: Default::default(),
         }
     }
@@ -234,9 +236,11 @@ impl Default for Data {
             span_id_gen: Default::default(),
             registry_id_gen: Default::default(),
             queue_status: true.into(),
+            settings_reload: Default::default(),
             applications: WebApplications::new(),
             logos: Default::default(),
             smtp_connectors: TlsConnectors::try_new().unwrap(),
+            build_errors: Default::default(),
             asn_geo_data: Default::default(),
             lookup_stores: Default::default(),
         }

crates/common/src/config/mailstore/spamfilter.rs

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ use mail_auth::common::resolver::ToReverseName;
 use nlp::classifier::model::{CcfhClassifier, FhClassifier};
 use registry::schema::{
     enums::{ExpressionVariable, ModelSize},
-    prelude::ObjectType,
     structs::{
         self, SpamDnsblServer, SpamDnsblSettings, SpamFileExtension, SpamPyzor, SpamRule,
         SpamSettings, SpamTag,
@@ -25,10 +24,10 @@ use registry::schema::{
 use sieve::SpamStatus;
 use std::{
     net::{IpAddr, SocketAddr},
-    time::Duration,
+    sync::Arc,
+    time::{Duration, Instant},
 };
 use store::registry::{RegistryObject, bootstrap::Bootstrap};
-use tokio::net::lookup_host;
 use utils::{cache::CacheItemWeight, glob::GlobMap};
 
 #[derive(rkyv::Archive, rkyv::Deserialize, rkyv::Serialize, Debug, Default)]
@@ -157,7 +156,11 @@ pub struct FtrlParameters {
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct PyzorConfig {
-    pub address: SocketAddr,
+    // inbuxa: the server is resolved when a message is checked, not while the
+    // settings are built (see PyzorConfig::address)
+    pub host: String,
+    pub port: u16,
+    pub resolved: Arc<parking_lot::Mutex<Option<(SocketAddr, Instant)>>>,
     pub timeout: Duration,
     pub min_count: u64,
     pub min_wl_count: u64,
@@ -474,31 +477,15 @@ impl PyzorConfig {
             return None;
         }
 
-        let port = pyzor.port;
-        let host = pyzor.host;
-        let address = match lookup_host(format!("{host}:{port}"))
-            .await
-            .map(|mut a| a.next())
-        {
-            Ok(Some(address)) => address,
-            Ok(None) => {
-                bp.build_error(
-                    ObjectType::SpamPyzor.singleton(),
-                    "Invalid address: No addresses found.",
-                );
-                return None;
-            }
-            Err(err) => {
-                bp.build_error(
-                    ObjectType::SpamPyzor.singleton(),
-                    format!("Invalid address: {}", err),
-                );
-                return None;
-            }
-        };
-
+        // inbuxa: upstream resolved the host here and reported a failed lookup
+        // as a build error, so a DNS hiccup on one node refused every settings
+        // reload on it (and, from the node that ran ReloadSettings, across the
+        // cluster). The lookup now happens when a message is checked; a
+        // failure there is logged as a Pyzor error for that message.
         PyzorConfig {
-            address,
+            host: pyzor.host,
+            port: pyzor.port as u16,
+            resolved: Default::default(),
             timeout: pyzor.timeout.into_inner(),
             min_count: pyzor.block_count,
             min_wl_count: pyzor.allow_count,
@@ -508,6 +495,35 @@ impl PyzorConfig {
     }
 }
 
+// inbuxa: how long a resolved Pyzor address is reused
+const PYZOR_RESOLVE_TTL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(300);
+
+impl PyzorConfig {
+    /// The server's address: the host itself when it is an IP address,
+    /// otherwise the first address it resolves to, reused for five minutes.
+    pub async fn address(&self) -> std::io::Result<SocketAddr> {
+        if let Ok(ip) = self.host.parse::<IpAddr>() {
+            return Ok(SocketAddr::new(ip, self.port));
+        }
+        if let Some((address, resolved_at)) = *self.resolved.lock()
+            && resolved_at.elapsed() < PYZOR_RESOLVE_TTL
+        {
+            return Ok(address);
+        }
+        let address = tokio::net::lookup_host((self.host.as_str(), self.port))
+            .await?
+            .next()
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                std::io::Error::new(
+                    std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound,
+                    format!("{} has no addresses", self.host),
+                )
+            })?;
+        *self.resolved.lock() = Some((address, Instant::now()));
+        Ok(address)
+    }
+}
+
 impl ClassifierConfig {
     pub async fn parse(bp: &mut Bootstrap) -> Option<Self> {
         let classifier = bp.setting_infallible::<structs::SpamClassifier>().await;

crates/common/src/config/smtp/session.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
  * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2020 Stalwart Labs LLC <[email protected]>
  *
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only OR LicenseRef-SEL
+ *
+ * Modified by Coffey Labs in 2026 for INBUXA.
  */
 
 use self::resolver::Policy;
@@ -22,7 +24,7 @@ use registry::schema::{
 };
 use smtp_proto::*;
 use std::{
-    net::{SocketAddr, ToSocketAddrs},
+    net::{IpAddr, SocketAddr},
     str::FromStr,
     time::Duration,
 };
@@ -384,19 +386,16 @@ impl SessionConfig {
                     Some(Milter {
                         enable: bp.compile_expr(id, &milter.ctx_enable()),
                         id,
-                        addrs: format!("{}:{}", milter.hostname, milter.port)
-                            .to_socket_addrs()
-                            .map_err(|err| {
-                                bp.build_error(
-                                    id,
-                                    format!(
-                                        "Unable to resolve milter hostname {}: {}",
-                                        milter.hostname, err
-                                    ),
-                                )
-                            })
-                            .ok()?
-                            .collect(),
+                        // inbuxa: upstream resolved the hostname here (a
+                        // blocking lookup) and made a failure a build error,
+                        // which refused the whole settings reload. An IP
+                        // address is kept as is; a name is resolved on each
+                        // connection (MilterClient::connect).
+                        addrs: milter
+                            .hostname
+                            .parse::<IpAddr>()
+                            .map(|ip| vec![SocketAddr::new(ip, milter.port as u16)])
+                            .unwrap_or_default(),
                         hostname: milter.hostname,
                         port: milter.port as u16,
                         timeout_connect: milter.timeout_connect.into_inner(),

crates/common/src/lib.rs

@@ -161,11 +161,17 @@ pub struct Data {
     pub span_id_gen: SnowflakeIdGenerator,
     pub registry_id_gen: SnowflakeIdGenerator,
     pub queue_status: AtomicBool,
+    // inbuxa: coalesces the settings reloads registry writes trigger
+    pub settings_reload: cache::reload::SettingsReloadGate,
 
     pub applications: WebApplications,
     pub logos: Mutex<AHashMap<Box<str>, LogoCache>>,
 
     pub smtp_connectors: TlsConnectors,
+
+    // inbuxa: the objects that failed to build when the running settings
+    // were built, at boot or by the last applied reload (see reload_registry)
+    pub build_errors: Mutex<AHashSet<registry::types::id::ObjectId>>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone)]

crates/common/src/manager/boot.rs

@@ -240,6 +240,9 @@ impl BootManager {
                     .parse_tcp_acceptors(&mut bootstrap, inner.clone())
                     .await;
 
+                // inbuxa: a reload isn't refused over objects that failed here
+                inner.build_server().record_build_errors(&bootstrap.errors);
+
                 BootManager {
                     inner,
                     bootstrap,

crates/jmap-proto/src/method/set.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
  * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2020 Stalwart Labs LLC <[email protected]>
  *
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only OR LicenseRef-SEL
+ *
+ * Modified by Coffey Labs in 2026 for INBUXA.
  */
 
 use super::ahash_is_empty;
@@ -71,6 +73,23 @@ pub struct SetResponse<T: JmapObject> {
     #[serde(rename = "notDestroyed")]
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "VecMap::is_empty")]
     pub not_destroyed: VecMap<MaybeInvalid<Id>, SetError<T::Property>>,
+
+    // inbuxa: on a registry write that changes the running settings, whether
+    // the server applied it
+    #[serde(rename = "x:settingsReload")]
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub settings_reload: Option<SettingsReload>,
+}
+
+/// inbuxa: the settings reload that followed a registry write.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, serde::Serialize)]
+pub struct SettingsReload {
+    /// The running settings (here and, through the cluster, on every node)
+    /// include the write.
+    pub applied: bool,
+    /// Why they don't, when they don't.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub description: Option<String>,
 }
 
 impl<'de, T: JmapObject> DeserializeArguments<'de> for SetRequest<'de, T> {
@@ -199,6 +218,7 @@ impl<T: JmapObject> SetResponse<T> {
                 not_created: VecMap::new(),
                 not_updated: VecMap::new(),
                 not_destroyed: VecMap::new(),
+                settings_reload: None,
             })
         } else {
             Err(trc::JmapEvent::RequestTooLarge.into_err())

crates/jmap/src/registry/mapping/action.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
  * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2020 Stalwart Labs LLC <[email protected]>
  *
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only OR LicenseRef-SEL
+ *
+ * Modified by Coffey Labs in 2026 for INBUXA.
  */
 
 use crate::registry::mapping::{RegistrySetResponse, map_bootstrap_error};
@@ -99,7 +101,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn action_set(
                 } else {
                     set.response
                         .not_created
-                        .append(id, map_bootstrap_error(result.errors));
+                        .append(id, reload_refused(result.errors));
                 }
             }
             Action::InvalidateCaches => {
@@ -573,3 +575,14 @@ async fn dmarc_troubleshoot(
 
     Some(request)
 }
+
+/// inbuxa: a refused reload names the object that stopped it and says the
+/// settings weren't applied; upstream passed on the first error's bare message
+/// ("Invalid address: ..."), which read like a problem with the request.
+fn reload_refused(errors: Vec<registry::types::error::Error>) -> SetError<Property> {
+    let description = format!(
+        "Settings were not reloaded. {}",
+        common::cache::reload::describe_reload_errors(&errors)
+    );
+    map_bootstrap_error(errors).with_description(description)
+}

crates/jmap/src/registry/set.rs

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ use directory::core::secret::{hash_secret, is_password_hash};
 use http_proto::HttpSessionData;
 use jmap_proto::{
     error::set::{SetError, SetErrorType},
-    method::set::{SetRequest, SetResponse},
+    method::set::{SetRequest, SetResponse, SettingsReload},
     object::registry::Registry,
     references::resolve::ResolveCreatedReference,
     request::{IntoValid, MaybeInvalid},
@@ -931,30 +931,28 @@ impl RegistrySet for Server {
             }
         };
 
-        // inbuxa: DIR-17: a directory or the server default applies on the
-        // next request, here and on every node
-        if matches!(
-            object_type,
-            ObjectType::Directory | ObjectType::Authentication
-        ) && let Ok(response) = &result
+        // inbuxa: a write to an object the running settings are built from
+        // applies at once, here and on every node (DIR-17 did this for
+        // directories and the server default; now it covers every such object)
+        let mut result = result;
+        if let Ok(response) = &mut result
             && (!response.created.is_empty()
                 || !response.updated.is_empty()
                 || !response.destroyed.is_empty())
+            && let Some(reload) = self.reload_after_write(object_type).await
         {
-            let change = common::ipc::RegistryChange::Reload(ObjectType::Directory);
-            match Box::pin(self.reload_registry(change)).await {
-                Ok(reload) if !reload.has_errors() => {
-                    self.cluster_broadcast(common::ipc::BroadcastEvent::RegistryChange(change))
-                        .await;
-                }
-                Ok(_) => trc::event!(
-                    Registry(trc::RegistryEvent::BuildWarning),
-                    Details = "Settings didn't reload after a directory change",
-                ),
-                Err(err) => {
-                    trc::error!(err.details("Failed to reload directories"));
-                }
-            }
+            response.settings_reload = Some(match reload {
+                Ok(()) => SettingsReload {
+                    applied: true,
+                    description: None,
+                },
+                Err(reason) => SettingsReload {
+                    applied: false,
+                    description: Some(format!(
+                        "Saved, but the running settings were not reloaded. {reason}"
+                    )),
+                },
+            });
         }
         result
     }

crates/smtp/src/inbound/milter/client.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
  * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2020 Stalwart Labs LLC <[email protected]>
  *
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only OR LicenseRef-SEL
+ *
+ * Modified by Coffey Labs in 2026 for INBUXA.
  */
 
 use common::config::smtp::session::Milter;
@@ -25,7 +27,19 @@ impl MilterClient<TcpStream> {
     pub async fn connect(config: &Milter, session_id: u64) -> Result<Self> {
         tokio::time::timeout(config.timeout_command, async {
             let mut last_err = Error::Disconnected;
-            for addr in &config.addrs {
+            // inbuxa: a hostname is resolved here, per connection, rather
+            // than while the settings are built
+            let resolved;
+            let addrs = if config.addrs.is_empty() {
+                resolved = tokio::net::lookup_host((config.hostname.as_str(), config.port))
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(Error::Io)?
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+                &resolved
+            } else {
+                &config.addrs
+            };
+            for addr in addrs {
                 match TcpStream::connect(addr).await {
                     Ok(stream) => {
                         return Ok(MilterClient {

crates/spam-filter/src/modules/pyzor.rs

@@ -48,19 +48,24 @@ pub(crate) async fn pyzor_check(
     // Send message to address. inbuxa: in tests, a fixed table answers
     // instead of a public server (test_response).
     #[cfg(not(feature = "test_mode"))]
-    let response = pyzor_send_message(config.address, config.timeout, &request).await;
+    let response = match tokio::time::timeout(config.timeout, config.address()).await {
+        Ok(Ok(address)) => pyzor_send_message(address, config.timeout, &request).await,
+        Ok(Err(err)) => Err(err),
+        Err(_) => Err(std::io::Error::new(
+            std::io::ErrorKind::TimedOut,
+            "Timed out resolving the Pyzor server",
+        )),
+    };
     #[cfg(feature = "test_mode")]
     let response = std::io::Result::Ok(test_response(&request));
 
-    response
-        .map(Into::into)
-        .map_err(|err| {
-            trc::SpamEvent::PyzorError
-                .into_err()
-                .ctx(trc::Key::Url, config.address.to_string())
-                .reason(err)
-                .details("Pyzor failed")
-        })
+    response.map(Into::into).map_err(|err| {
+        trc::SpamEvent::PyzorError
+            .into_err()
+            .ctx(trc::Key::Url, format!("{}:{}", config.host, config.port))
+            .reason(err)
+            .details("Pyzor failed")
+    })
 }
 
 /// inbuxa: the answers tests get, by digest, instead of a public server's,

tests/src/cluster/broadcast.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
  * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2020 Stalwart Labs LLC <[email protected]>
  *
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only OR LicenseRef-SEL
+ *
+ * Modified by Coffey Labs in 2026 for INBUXA.
  */
 
 use crate::{
@@ -11,6 +13,7 @@ use crate::{
         server::TestServerBuilder,
     },
 };
+use common::BuildServer;
 use imap_proto::ResponseType;
 use registry::{
     schema::{
@@ -18,7 +21,8 @@ use registry::{
         prelude::{ObjectType, Property, SocketAddr},
         structs::{
             ClusterListenerGroup, ClusterListenerGroupProperties, ClusterRole, ClusterTaskGroup,
-            Coordinator, Imap, NatsCoordinator, NetworkListener, RedisStore,
+            Coordinator, Imap, MtaDeliverySchedule, MtaVirtualQueue, NatsCoordinator,
+            NetworkListener, RedisStore,
         },
     },
     types::map::Map,
@@ -209,6 +213,45 @@ pub async fn cluster_tests() {
         Some("John Doe")
     );
 
+    // inbuxa: a settings write applies on every node, no ReloadSettings
+    let queue_id = admin
+        .registry_create_object(MtaVirtualQueue {
+            name: "clusterq".into(),
+            threads_per_node: 1,
+            description: None,
+        })
+        .await;
+    admin
+        .registry_create_object(MtaDeliverySchedule {
+            name: "cluster-autoreload".into(),
+            queue_id,
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await;
+    for (node_id, test) in servers.iter().enumerate() {
+        let started = std::time::Instant::now();
+        while !test
+            .server
+            .inner
+            .build_server()
+            .core
+            .smtp
+            .queue
+            .queue_strategy
+            .contains_key("cluster-autoreload")
+        {
+            assert!(
+                started.elapsed() < std::time::Duration::from_secs(5),
+                "node {node_id} didn't pick up the new delivery schedule"
+            );
+            tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(50)).await;
+        }
+        println!(
+            "Node {node_id} has the new delivery schedule after {} ms",
+            started.elapsed().as_millis()
+        );
+    }
+
     // Run IMAP idle tests across nodes
     let mut node1_client = imap_client("[email protected]", "this is john's secret", 1).await;
     let mut node2_client = imap_client("[email protected]", "this is john's secret", 2).await;

tests/src/smtp/inbound/milter.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
  * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2020 Stalwart Labs LLC <[email protected]>
  *
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only OR LicenseRef-SEL
+ *
+ * Modified by Coffey Labs in 2026 for INBUXA.
  */
 
 use crate::{
@@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ async fn milter_session() {
                 else_: "true".into(),
                 ..Default::default()
             },
-            hostname: "127.0.0.1".into(),
+            hostname: "localhost".into(), // inbuxa: resolved when the session connects
             port: 9332,
             use_tls: false,
             stages: Map::new(vec![MtaStage::Data]),

tests/src/smtp/inbound/mod.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
  * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2020 Stalwart Labs LLC <[email protected]>
  *
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only OR LicenseRef-SEL
+ *
+ * Modified by Coffey Labs in 2026 for INBUXA.
  */
 
 use crate::utils::server::TestServer;
@@ -40,15 +42,23 @@ pub mod vrfy;
 const EVENT_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);
 
 impl TestServer {
+    // inbuxa: registry writes reload the settings, and each reload sends the
+    // queue a ReloadSettings; read_event, try_read_event and assert_no_events
+    // pass over those (expect_reload_settings still waits for one)
     pub async fn read_event(&mut self) -> QueueEvent {
-        if let Some(event) = self.queue_events.pop_front() {
-            return event;
+        while let Some(event) = self.queue_events.pop_front() {
+            if !event.is_reload_settings() {
+                return event;
+            }
         }
 
-        match tokio::time::timeout(EVENT_TIMEOUT, self.queue_rx.recv()).await {
-            Ok(Some(event)) => event,
-            Ok(None) => panic!("Channel closed."),
-            Err(_) => panic!("No queue event received."),
+        loop {
+            match tokio::time::timeout(EVENT_TIMEOUT, self.queue_rx.recv()).await {
+                Ok(Some(event)) if event.is_reload_settings() => (),
+                Ok(Some(event)) => return event,
+                Ok(None) => panic!("Channel closed."),
+                Err(_) => panic!("No queue event received."),
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -78,26 +88,39 @@ impl TestServer {
     }
 
     pub async fn try_read_event(&mut self) -> Option<QueueEvent> {
-        if let Some(event) = self.queue_events.pop_front() {
-            return Some(event);
+        while let Some(event) = self.queue_events.pop_front() {
+            if !event.is_reload_settings() {
+                return Some(event);
+            }
         }
 
-        match tokio::time::timeout(EVENT_TIMEOUT, self.queue_rx.recv()).await {
-            Ok(Some(event)) => Some(event),
-            Ok(None) => panic!("Channel closed."),
-            Err(_) => None,
+        loop {
+            match tokio::time::timeout(EVENT_TIMEOUT, self.queue_rx.recv()).await {
+                Ok(Some(event)) if event.is_reload_settings() => (),
+                Ok(Some(event)) => return Some(event),
+                Ok(None) => panic!("Channel closed."),
+                Err(_) => return None,
+            }
         }
     }
 
     pub fn assert_no_events(&mut self) {
-        if let Some(event) = self.queue_events.pop_front() {
+        if let Some(event) = self
+            .queue_events
+            .iter()
+            .find(|event| !event.is_reload_settings())
+        {
             panic!("Expected empty queue but got {event:?}");
         }
+        self.queue_events.clear();
 
-        match self.queue_rx.try_recv() {
-            Err(TryRecvError::Empty) => (),
-            Ok(event) => panic!("Expected empty queue but got {event:?}"),
-            Err(err) => panic!("Queue error: {err:?}"),
+        loop {
+            match self.queue_rx.try_recv() {
+                Ok(event) if event.is_reload_settings() => (),
+                Err(TryRecvError::Empty) => break,
+                Ok(event) => panic!("Expected empty queue but got {event:?}"),
+                Err(err) => panic!("Queue error: {err:?}"),
+            }
         }
     }
 

tests/src/system/auto_reload.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Coffey Labs
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
+ */
+
+// inbuxa: a registry write to an object the running settings are built from
+// applies without an x:Action ReloadSettings, and the set response says so.
+
+use crate::utils::{
+    jmap::JmapResponse,
+    server::{TestServer, TestServerBuilder},
+};
+use common::BuildServer;
+use registry::schema::{
+    enums::TracingLevel,
+    prelude::ObjectType,
+    structs::{
+        CertificateManagement, DkimManagement, DnsManagement, Domain, Expression,
+        MtaDeliverySchedule, MtaStageAuth, MtaVirtualQueue, Tracer, TracerStdout,
+    },
+};
+use serde_json::Value;
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+pub async fn settings_reload_tests() {
+    let mut test = TestServerBuilder::new("settings_reload_tests")
+        .await
+        .with_default_listeners()
+        .await
+        .with_object(MtaStageAuth {
+            require: Expression {
+                else_: "false".to_string(),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await
+        .build()
+        .await;
+
+    let admin = test
+        .create_user_account(
+            "admin",
+            "[email protected]",
+            "these_pretzels_are_making_me_thirsty",
+            &[],
+            "Admin",
+        )
+        .await;
+    test.account("admin")
+        .assign_roles_to_account(admin.id(), &["user", "system"])
+        .await;
+    test.insert_account(admin);
+
+    test_write_applies(&test).await;
+
+    if test.is_reset() {
+        test.temp_dir.delete();
+    }
+}
+
+async fn test_write_applies(test: &TestServer) {
+    println!("Running settings reload after registry writes...");
+    let admin = test.account("[email protected]");
+
+    // A delivery schedule is in use as soon as it is saved
+    let response = admin
+        .registry_create([MtaVirtualQueue {
+            name: "autorld".into(),
+            threads_per_node: 2,
+            description: None,
+        }])
+        .await;
+    assert_applied(&response);
+    let queue_id = response.created_id(0);
+    assert!(!has_schedule(test, "autoreload-schedule"));
+    let response = admin
+        .registry_create([MtaDeliverySchedule {
+            name: "autoreload-schedule".into(),
+            queue_id,
+            ..Default::default()
+        }])
+        .await;
+    assert_applied(&response);
+    assert!(has_schedule(test, "autoreload-schedule"));
+
+    // Destroyed, it's gone at once too
+    let schedule_id = response.created_id(0);
+    let response = admin
+        .registry_destroy(ObjectType::MtaDeliverySchedule, [schedule_id])
+        .await;
+    assert_applied(&response);
+    assert!(!has_schedule(test, "autoreload-schedule"));
+
+    // Concurrent writes all end up in the running settings
+    let names = (0..8)
+        .map(|i| format!("autoreload-{i}"))
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    let mut writes = Vec::new();
+    for name in &names {
+        writes.push(admin.registry_create([MtaDeliverySchedule {
+            name: name.clone(),
+            queue_id,
+            ..Default::default()
+        }]));
+    }
+    let mut schedule_ids = Vec::new();
+    for response in futures::future::join_all(writes).await {
+        assert_applied(&response);
+        schedule_ids.push(response.created_id(0));
+    }
+    for name in &names {
+        assert!(has_schedule(test, name), "{name} missing");
+    }
+    // Several objects in one request: one reload
+    let response = admin
+        .registry_destroy(ObjectType::MtaDeliverySchedule, schedule_ids.iter())
+        .await;
+    assert_applied(&response);
+    for name in &names {
+        assert!(!has_schedule(test, name), "{name} still present");
+    }
+
+    // A write whose reload fails is stored, and the response says the
+    // settings weren't reloaded: only one console tracer is allowed.
+    let response = admin
+        .registry_create([
+            Tracer::Stdout(TracerStdout {
+                enable: true,
+                level: TracingLevel::Error,
+                ..Default::default()
+            }),
+            Tracer::Stdout(TracerStdout {
+                enable: true,
+                level: TracingLevel::Error,
+                ..Default::default()
+            }),
+        ])
+        .await;
+    let reload = settings_reload(&response).expect("x:settingsReload missing");
+    assert_eq!(reload["applied"], Value::Bool(false), "{response:?}");
+    let description = reload["description"].as_str().unwrap_or_default();
+    assert!(
+        description.starts_with("Saved, but the running settings were not reloaded. ")
+            && description.contains("Only one console tracer is allowed"),
+        "{description}"
+    );
+    let tracer_ids = [response.created_id(0), response.created_id(1)];
+    let response = admin
+        .registry_destroy(ObjectType::Tracer, tracer_ids.iter())
+        .await;
+    assert_applied(&response);
+
+    // Data that isn't part of the running settings doesn't reload them
+    let response = admin
+        .registry_create([Domain {
+            name: "autoreload.example.org".into(),
+            certificate_management: CertificateManagement::Manual,
+            dns_management: DnsManagement::Manual,
+            dkim_management: DkimManagement::Manual,
+            ..Default::default()
+        }])
+        .await;
+    assert!(settings_reload(&response).is_none(), "{response:?}");
+}
+
+fn settings_reload(response: &JmapResponse) -> Option<&Value> {
+    response.pointer("/methodResponses/0/1/x:settingsReload")
+}
+
+fn assert_applied(response: &JmapResponse) {
+    assert_eq!(
+        settings_reload(response),
+        Some(&serde_json::json!({"applied": true})),
+        "{response:?}"
+    );
+}
+
+fn has_schedule(test: &TestServer, name: &str) -> bool {
+    test.server
+        .inner
+        .build_server()
+        .core
+        .smtp
+        .queue
+        .queue_strategy
+        .contains_key(name)
+}

tests/src/system/mod.rs

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ pub mod authentication;
 pub mod ai;
 pub mod ai_calibration;
 pub mod authorization;
+pub mod auto_reload; // inbuxa: registry writes apply at once
 pub mod branding;
 pub mod crypto;
 pub mod delivery;
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ pub mod monitoring;
 pub mod oidc;
 pub mod purge;
 pub mod quota;
+pub mod reload; // inbuxa: reloads and build errors
 pub mod security;
 pub mod task;
 pub mod tenant;

tests/src/system/reload.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Coffey Labs
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
+ */
+
+// inbuxa: a settings reload isn't held back by a DNS lookup, or by objects
+// that already failed when the running settings were built; an error in an
+// object that built then still refuses it, and says which object.
+
+use crate::utils::server::{TestServer, TestServerBuilder};
+use common::{BuildServer, config::mailstore::spamfilter::PyzorConfig, ipc::RegistryChange};
+use registry::schema::{
+    enums::TracingLevel,
+    prelude::{ObjectType, Property},
+    structs::{Action, Expression, MtaStageAuth, SpamPyzor, Tracer, TracerStdout},
+};
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+pub async fn reload_tests() {
+    let mut test = TestServerBuilder::new("reload_tests")
+        .await
+        .with_default_listeners()
+        .await
+        .with_object(MtaStageAuth {
+            require: Expression {
+                else_: "false".to_string(),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await
+        .build()
+        .await;
+
+    let admin = test
+        .create_user_account(
+            "admin",
+            "[email protected]",
+            "these_pretzels_are_making_me_thirsty",
+            &[],
+            "Admin",
+        )
+        .await;
+    test.account("admin")
+        .assign_roles_to_account(admin.id(), &["user", "system"])
+        .await;
+    test.insert_account(admin);
+
+    test_unresolvable_pyzor(&test).await;
+    test_build_errors(&test).await;
+
+    if test.is_reset() {
+        test.temp_dir.delete();
+    }
+}
+
+async fn test_unresolvable_pyzor(test: &TestServer) {
+    println!("Running reload with an unresolvable Pyzor host...");
+    let admin = test.account("[email protected]");
+
+    // Upstream resolved the host while building the settings and refused the
+    // reload when that failed.
+    admin
+        .registry_update_setting(
+            SpamPyzor {
+                enable: true,
+                host: "pyzor.invalid".into(),
+                port: 24441,
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            &[Property::Enable, Property::Host, Property::Port],
+        )
+        .await;
+    admin.reload_settings().await;
+
+    let pyzor = running_pyzor(test);
+    assert_eq!(pyzor.host, "pyzor.invalid");
+    assert_eq!(pyzor.port, 24441);
+    assert!(pyzor.address().await.is_err());
+
+    // An IP address needs no lookup
+    admin
+        .registry_update_setting(
+            SpamPyzor {
+                host: "192.0.2.1".into(),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            &[Property::Host],
+        )
+        .await;
+    admin.reload_settings().await;
+    assert_eq!(
+        running_pyzor(test).address().await.unwrap().to_string(),
+        "192.0.2.1:24441"
+    );
+}
+
+async fn test_build_errors(test: &TestServer) {
+    println!("Running reload with build errors...");
+    let admin = test.account("[email protected]");
+    let pyzor_ratio = running_pyzor(test).ratio;
+    assert_ne!(pyzor_ratio, 0.25);
+
+    // Two console tracers: only one is allowed, so the build of one of them
+    // fails. Neither existed when the running settings were built.
+    let mut tracer_ids = Vec::new();
+    for _ in 0..2 {
+        tracer_ids.push(
+            admin
+                .registry_create_object(Tracer::Stdout(TracerStdout {
+                    enable: true,
+                    level: TracingLevel::Error,
+                    ..Default::default()
+                }))
+                .await,
+        );
+    }
+    admin
+        .registry_update_setting(
+            SpamPyzor {
+                ratio: 0.25.into(),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            &[Property::Ratio],
+        )
+        .await;
+
+    // A new error refuses the reload and names the object
+    let err = admin
+        .registry_create_object_expect_err(Action::ReloadSettings)
+        .await;
+    let description = err.description.clone().unwrap_or_default();
+    assert!(
+        description.starts_with("Settings were not reloaded. ")
+            && description.contains("Tracer")
+            && description.contains("Only one console tracer is allowed"),
+        "{err:?}"
+    );
+    assert_eq!(running_pyzor(test).ratio, pyzor_ratio);
+
+    // Had the running settings been built with that tracer failing, as a
+    // restart now would, the same error doesn't hold the reload back.
+    let result = Box::pin(
+        test.server
+            .reload_registry(RegistryChange::Reload(ObjectType::DataStore)),
+    )
+    .await
+    .unwrap();
+    assert!(!result.replaced_core);
+    assert_eq!(result.errors.len(), 1, "{:?}", result.errors);
+    test.server.record_build_errors(&result.errors);
+
+    admin.reload_settings().await;
+    assert_eq!(running_pyzor(test).ratio, 0.25);
+    let result = Box::pin(
+        test.server
+            .reload_registry(RegistryChange::Reload(ObjectType::DataStore)),
+    )
+    .await
+    .unwrap();
+    assert!(result.replaced_core);
+    assert!(result.errors.is_empty());
+    assert_eq!(result.known_errors.len(), 1);
+
+    // Once fixed, the object is no longer known to fail, so a new error
+    // there refuses the reload again.
+    admin
+        .registry_destroy(ObjectType::Tracer, tracer_ids.iter())
+        .await
+        .assert_destroyed(&tracer_ids);
+    admin.reload_settings().await;
+    let result = Box::pin(
+        test.server
+            .reload_registry(RegistryChange::Reload(ObjectType::DataStore)),
+    )
+    .await
+    .unwrap();
+    assert!(result.replaced_core);
+    assert!(result.errors.is_empty() && result.known_errors.is_empty());
+
+    for _ in 0..2 {
+        tracer_ids.push(
+            admin
+                .registry_create_object(Tracer::Stdout(TracerStdout {
+                    enable: true,
+                    level: TracingLevel::Error,
+                    ..Default::default()
+                }))
+                .await,
+        );
+    }
+    admin
+        .registry_create_object_expect_err(Action::ReloadSettings)
+        .await;
+    let tracer_ids = tracer_ids.split_off(2);
+    admin
+        .registry_destroy(ObjectType::Tracer, tracer_ids.iter())
+        .await
+        .assert_destroyed(&tracer_ids);
+    admin.reload_settings().await;
+}
+
+fn running_pyzor(test: &TestServer) -> PyzorConfig {
+    test.server
+        .inner
+        .build_server()
+        .core
+        .spam
+        .pyzor
+        .clone()
+        .expect("Pyzor enabled")
+}