Survey the machine, and say what an install would do to it

The first two pieces of the installer, and deliberately the two that change
nothing: what this machine is, and what would happen to it.

The survey is the floor under every later choice -- a component can only
offer a container shape if Docker answers for this user, or a host shape on
a systemd machine with what that shape needs. It reports what it could not
establish as unknown rather than guessing: an unprivileged probe of port 25
means "I may not bind this", not "something is listening", and reporting
the first as the second is a lie an operator would act on.

The plan is one list, and it will have three readers: --dry-run prints it,
the interface will show it before anything happens, and apply will walk it.
What you are shown is what runs.

Tested on a fresh Debian 13 in qemu, which has neither Docker nor Node and
so exercises every unavailable shape: 23 checks, including that nothing was
created by any of it. The lab that machine runs in is in e2e/vm.
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GNU AFFERO GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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# inbuxa-installer
One program that installs the **inbuxa** suite on the machine you run it on:
the mail server, the administration console and the webmail, each as a
container or on the host, in any mixture.
inbuxa survey what this machine is, as the installer sees it
inbuxa install --dry-run … what would happen, before any of it does
inbuxa install … do it
It only ever installs here. A second machine runs it too, and `inbuxa join`
points that machine at a server already running elsewhere.
## What works today
This is early. What is built:
- **`survey`** -- the machine's facts: distribution, init, whether Docker is
usable *by this user*, Node's version, which of the suite's ports are free
and what holds the ones that are not, memory, disk, and whether an install
is already recorded here. It changes nothing.
- **`install --dry-run`** -- the whole plan: every file, unit, container,
port, DNS record and credential, and a refusal with a reason when the
machine cannot carry out what was asked.
Not built yet: applying the plan, the terminal interface, `join`, `status`,
`upgrade`, `uninstall`. The design is in the inbuxa specification (§6.1 and
the installer draft); the phases are there too.
## Building and testing
go build ./cmd/inbuxa
The installer writes units, creates users and takes ports 25 and 443, so it
is tested on a throwaway virtual machine rather than on anybody's desk:
e2e/vm/up.sh a Debian 13 machine, in qemu, as you
e2e/vm/run.sh e2e/cases/survey.sh rewind it, then run a case inside
e2e/vm/down.sh remove it
Each case starts from a copy of the machine taken when it was new, so a run
is free to break it and a failure is the installer's rather than the last
run's leftovers. `e2e/vm/up.sh` needs qemu, KVM and xorriso; nothing needs
root on your machine.
## License
AGPL-3.0-or-later. Some of this began as [ihasmail-oneshot], which is ours
and under the same license.
[ihasmail-oneshot]: https://git.coffeylabs.org/inbuxa/ihasmail-oneshot
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// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Coffey Labs
// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
// Command inbuxa installs the inbuxa suite on the machine it is run on.
//
// Run with no arguments it opens the interface; run with flags it does the
// same work without asking. The flags are not a second implementation: the
// interface fills them in with the machine's own facts in front of you.
package main
import (
"context"
"flag"
"fmt"
"os"
"strings"
"git.coffeylabs.org/inbuxa/inbuxa-installer/internal/host"
"git.coffeylabs.org/inbuxa/inbuxa-installer/internal/plan"
)
// version is stamped by the release build; a build from a working tree says
// so rather than claiming a release it is not.
var version = "dev"
const usage = `inbuxa -- install the inbuxa suite on this machine
inbuxa install [flags] install or converge (no flags: the interface)
inbuxa survey what this machine is, as the installer sees it
inbuxa version this program's version
install flags:
--domain NAME the mail domain (required unless --local)
--mail-host NAME default: mail.DOMAIN
--console-host NAME default: admin.DOMAIN
--webmail-host NAME default: webmail.DOMAIN
--email ADDRESS ACME contact; default: postmaster@DOMAIN
--server SHAPE skip | container | host (default: container)
--console SHAPE skip | container | host (default: container)
--webmail SHAPE skip | container | host (default: container)
--proxy WHICH caddy | snippets | none (default: caddy)
--dir PATH where the installation lives; default: /var/lib/inbuxa
--local loopback evaluation: no public ports, no certificates
--dry-run print the plan and stop
--yes do not ask for confirmation
`
func main() {
if len(os.Args) < 2 {
// The interface is the no-argument case. Until it lands, say so
// plainly rather than pretending: a half-built screen is worse than
// a sentence telling you which flags to use.
fmt.Fprint(os.Stderr, "the interface is not built yet -- run `inbuxa install --help` for the flags\n")
os.Exit(2)
}
switch os.Args[1] {
case "install":
os.Exit(install(os.Args[2:]))
case "survey":
os.Exit(survey())
case "version":
fmt.Println(version)
case "-h", "--help", "help":
fmt.Print(usage)
default:
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "unknown command %q\n\n%s", os.Args[1], usage)
os.Exit(2)
}
}
func survey() int {
f := host.Survey(context.Background())
fmt.Print(render(f))
return 0
}
func install(args []string) int {
fs := flag.NewFlagSet("install", flag.ContinueOnError)
fs.Usage = func() { fmt.Print(usage) }
var (
o plan.Options
server = fs.String("server", "container", "")
console = fs.String("console", "container", "")
webmail = fs.String("webmail", "container", "")
dryRun = fs.Bool("dry-run", false, "")
yes = fs.Bool("yes", false, "")
)
fs.StringVar(&o.Domain, "domain", "", "")
fs.StringVar(&o.MailHost, "mail-host", "", "")
fs.StringVar(&o.ConsoleHost, "console-host", "", "")
fs.StringVar(&o.WebmailHost, "webmail-host", "", "")
fs.StringVar(&o.ACMEEmail, "email", "", "")
fs.StringVar(&o.Proxy, "proxy", "", "")
fs.StringVar(&o.Dir, "dir", "", "")
fs.BoolVar(&o.Local, "local", false, "")
if err := fs.Parse(args); err != nil {
return 2
}
for _, c := range []struct {
comp plan.Component
val string
}{{plan.Server, *server}, {plan.Console, *console}, {plan.Webmail, *webmail}} {
s, err := shape(c.val)
if err != nil {
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "--%s: %v\n", c.comp, err)
return 2
}
o.Choices = append(o.Choices, plan.Choice{Component: c.comp, Shape: s})
}
f := host.Survey(context.Background())
p, err := plan.Build(f, o)
if err != nil {
fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "cannot install as asked: "+err.Error())
fmt.Fprint(os.Stderr, "\n"+render(f))
return 1
}
fmt.Print(p.String())
if *dryRun {
return 0
}
if !*yes {
fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "\nnothing has happened yet: applying is not built in this build (pass --dry-run to silence this)")
return 1
}
fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "\napply is not built yet")
return 1
}
func shape(s string) (plan.Shape, error) {
switch strings.ToLower(s) {
case "skip", "no", "none":
return plan.Skip, nil
case "container", "docker":
return plan.Container, nil
case "host", "bare", "baremetal", "bare-metal":
return plan.Host, nil
}
return "", fmt.Errorf("%q is not a shape: skip, container or host", s)
}
// render is the first screen, as text: what this machine is, and what that
// allows. Every line is something a later choice depends on.
func render(f host.Facts) string {
var b strings.Builder
b.WriteString("This machine\n")
os_ := f.OS.Pretty
if os_ == "" {
os_ = "an unrecognized Linux"
}
fmt.Fprintf(&b, " %-22s %s\n", "system", os_)
fmt.Fprintf(&b, " %-22s %s\n", "init", yes(f.Systemd, "systemd", "not systemd -- host installs are unavailable"))
fmt.Fprintf(&b, " %-22s %s\n", "running as", yes(f.Root, "root", "an ordinary user -- installing will fail"))
if f.MemoryMB > 0 {
fmt.Fprintf(&b, " %-22s %d MB\n", "memory", f.MemoryMB)
}
if f.DiskFreeGB > 0 {
fmt.Fprintf(&b, " %-22s %d GB free\n", "disk", f.DiskFreeGB)
}
docker := "not installed"
switch {
case f.Docker.Usable:
docker = "usable, server " + f.Docker.Version + ", compose " + f.Docker.Compose
case f.Docker.Present:
docker = "installed but not usable: " + f.Docker.Why
}
fmt.Fprintf(&b, " %-22s %s\n", "docker", docker)
node := "not installed"
switch {
case f.Node.Present && f.Node.Major >= 22:
node = f.Node.Version
case f.Node.Present:
node = f.Node.Version + " (too old for a host install of the webmail)"
}
fmt.Fprintf(&b, " %-22s %s\n", "node", node)
if f.Existing != "" {
fmt.Fprintf(&b, " %-22s %s\n", "existing install", f.Existing)
}
b.WriteString("\nPorts\n")
for _, p := range f.Ports {
state := "free"
switch {
case p.Free:
case p.Unknown:
state = "cannot tell without root"
default:
state = "held"
if p.Holder != "" {
state += " by " + p.Holder
}
}
fmt.Fprintf(&b, " %-6d %-42s %s\n", p.Number, p.For, state)
}
b.WriteString("\nWhat this machine allows\n")
for _, c := range []plan.Component{plan.Server, plan.Console, plan.Webmail} {
var shapes []string
for _, s := range []plan.Shape{plan.Container, plan.Host} {
if a := plan.Available(f, c, s); a.OK {
shapes = append(shapes, string(s))
} else {
shapes = append(shapes, fmt.Sprintf("%s (no: %s)", s, a.Why))
}
}
fmt.Fprintf(&b, " %-10s %s\n", c, strings.Join(shapes, " "))
}
return b.String()
}
func yes(b bool, t, f string) string {
if b {
return t
}
return f
}
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#!/bin/bash
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Coffey Labs
# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
#
# The first case: on a machine with nothing installed on it, does the
# installer describe that machine correctly, and does it refuse the shapes
# that machine cannot do -- with a reason someone could act on?
#
# A fresh Debian cloud image has no docker and no node, which is exactly the
# interesting case: every container shape and the webmail's host shape are
# unavailable, and the server's host shape is not. Getting this wrong in
# either direction is the difference between an installer that reads a
# machine and one that guesses.
#
# Run from the host with: e2e/vm/run.sh e2e/cases/survey.sh
set -uo pipefail
pass=0; fail=0
ok() { echo " ok $*"; pass=$((pass+1)); }
bad() { echo " FAIL $*"; fail=$((fail+1)); }
has() { grep -q -- "$2" <<<"$1" && ok "$3" || { bad "$3"; echo "----"; echo "$1" | sed 's/^/ /'; echo "----"; }; }
hasnt() { grep -q -- "$2" <<<"$1" && { bad "$3"; } || ok "$3"; }
echo "==> survey, on a machine with nothing on it"
S="$(/tmp/inbuxa survey)"
echo "$S" | sed 's/^/ /'
has "$S" "Debian GNU/Linux 13" "names the distribution"
has "$S" "init systemd" "sees systemd"
has "$S" "running as root" "knows it is root"
has "$S" "docker not installed" "sees no docker"
has "$S" "node not installed" "sees no node"
has "$S" "25 SMTP" "lists the mail ports"
hasnt "$S" "cannot tell without root" "as root, every port is a real answer"
has "$S" "container (no: docker is not installed)" "containers unavailable, with the reason"
has "$S" "server container (no" "the server cannot be a container here"
has "$S" "webmail container (no: docker is not installed) host (no: a host install of the webmail needs Node 22" "the webmail can be neither shape here"
echo
echo "==> a plan that this machine cannot carry out"
OUT="$(/tmp/inbuxa install --domain example.test 2>&1)"; rc=$?
[ $rc -ne 0 ] && ok "refuses (exit $rc)" || bad "should have refused"
has "$OUT" "cannot install as asked" "says so plainly"
has "$OUT" "docker is not installed" "and why"
echo
echo "==> a plan it can: the server on the host, front ends elsewhere"
OUT="$(/tmp/inbuxa install --domain example.test --server host --console skip --webmail skip --dry-run 2>&1)"; rc=$?
echo "$OUT" | sed 's/^/ /'
[ $rc -eq 0 ] && ok "accepted (exit 0)" || bad "should have been accepted, exit $rc"
has "$OUT" "/etc/systemd/system/inbuxa-server.service" "names the unit it would write"
has "$OUT" "user: inbuxa" "names the user it would create"
has "$OUT" "Ports it will bind: 25, 465, 993, 995, 4190, 80, 443" "lists every port"
has "$OUT" "MX 10 mail.example.test." "writes the MX the domain needs"
has "$OUT" "_dmarc.example.test." "and DMARC"
hasnt "$OUT" "admin.example.test" "says nothing about front ends it was told to skip"
echo
echo "==> nothing was installed by any of that"
[ ! -e /etc/systemd/system/inbuxa-server.service ] && ok "no unit written" || bad "a unit appeared"
[ ! -e /var/lib/inbuxa ] && ok "no deployment directory" || bad "a directory appeared"
id inbuxa >/dev/null 2>&1 && bad "a user appeared" || ok "no user created"
echo
echo "==> $pass passed, $fail failed"
[ "$fail" -eq 0 ]
Executable
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#!/bin/bash
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Coffey Labs
# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
#
# Stop the lab machine and remove its disks. The base image stays, so up.sh
# is quick the next time; --all takes that too.
set -euo pipefail
LAB="${LAB:-$HOME/.cache/inbuxa-lab}"
SSH_PORT="${SSH_PORT:-2222}"
DISK="$LAB/lab.qcow2"; CLEAN="$LAB/lab-clean.qcow2"; SEED="$LAB/seed.iso"
LOG="$LAB/console.log"; PIDFILE="$LAB/qemu.pid"
. "$(dirname "$0")/lib.sh"
vm_stop
rm -f "$DISK" "$CLEAN" "$SEED" "$PIDFILE" "$LAB/monitor.sock"
[ "${1:-}" = "--all" ] && rm -rf "$LAB"
echo "==> gone"
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# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Coffey Labs
# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
#
# Shared by the four scripts beside it: how the lab machine is started,
# stopped and talked to. Sourced, never run.
#
# One machine at a time, identified by its pid file. qemu is given a monitor
# on a unix socket so a stop is a clean powerdown rather than pulling the
# plug on a filesystem we are about to copy.
#
# Keep the default VGA device. `-vga none` looks right for a headless machine
# and is not: this image's GRUB hands over to a kernel that never prints, and
# the machine resets in a loop at "Booting Debian GNU/Linux" forever. -display
# none is what makes it headless; the adapter has to be there.
vm_running() {
[ -f "$PIDFILE" ] && kill -0 "$(cat "$PIDFILE")" 2>/dev/null
}
vm_start() {
qemu-system-x86_64 \
-enable-kvm -cpu host -m "$MEM" -smp "$VCPUS" \
-drive "file=$DISK,if=virtio,format=qcow2" \
-drive "file=$SEED,if=virtio,format=raw,readonly=on" \
-netdev "user,id=n0,hostfwd=tcp:127.0.0.1:$SSH_PORT-:22" \
-device virtio-net-pci,netdev=n0 \
-display none -serial "file:$LOG" \
-monitor "unix:$LAB/monitor.sock,server,nowait" \
-pidfile "$PIDFILE" \
-daemonize
}
vm_stop() {
vm_running || return 0
printf 'system_powerdown\n' | timeout 5 socat - "unix-connect:$LAB/monitor.sock" >/dev/null 2>&1 \
|| printf 'system_powerdown\n' | timeout 5 nc -U "$LAB/monitor.sock" >/dev/null 2>&1 \
|| true
for _ in $(seq 1 30); do
vm_running || return 0
sleep 1
done
# It had its chance.
kill "$(cat "$PIDFILE")" 2>/dev/null || true
sleep 1
}
vm_ssh() {
ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null \
-o ConnectTimeout=3 -o BatchMode=yes -o LogLevel=ERROR \
-p "$SSH_PORT" [email protected] "$@"
}
vm_scp() {
scp -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null \
-o LogLevel=ERROR -P "$SSH_PORT" "$@"
}
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#!/bin/bash
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Coffey Labs
# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
#
# Rewind the lab machine to the copy up.sh kept. A few seconds, and the
# machine is as fresh as a new VPS -- which is what makes a test run free to
# create users, write units and take ports.
set -euo pipefail
LAB="${LAB:-$HOME/.cache/inbuxa-lab}"
MEM="${MEM:-4096}"; VCPUS="${VCPUS:-2}"; SSH_PORT="${SSH_PORT:-2222}"
DISK="$LAB/lab.qcow2"; CLEAN="$LAB/lab-clean.qcow2"; SEED="$LAB/seed.iso"
LOG="$LAB/console.log"; PIDFILE="$LAB/qemu.pid"
. "$(dirname "$0")/lib.sh"
[ -f "$CLEAN" ] || { echo "no clean copy -- run e2e/vm/up.sh first" >&2; exit 1; }
vm_stop
cp --reflink=auto "$CLEAN" "$DISK"
: > "$LOG"
vm_start
for _ in $(seq 1 90); do vm_ssh true 2>/dev/null && break; sleep 2; done
vm_ssh true 2>/dev/null || { echo "no ssh after the rewind; see $LOG" >&2; exit 1; }
echo "==> clean: ssh [email protected] -p $SSH_PORT"
Executable
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#!/bin/bash
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Coffey Labs
# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
#
# Build the installer, copy it into the lab machine, and run a case there.
#
# e2e/vm/run.sh e2e/cases/containers.sh rewind, then run that case
# KEEP=1 e2e/vm/run.sh e2e/cases/hosts.sh run it on the machine as it is
#
# The rewind is the point: every case starts on an identical machine, so a
# failure is the installer's and not the last run's leftovers.
set -euo pipefail
CASE="${1:?usage: run.sh e2e/cases/<case>.sh}"
ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")/../.." && pwd)"
LAB="${LAB:-$HOME/.cache/inbuxa-lab}"
MEM="${MEM:-4096}"; VCPUS="${VCPUS:-2}"; SSH_PORT="${SSH_PORT:-2222}"
DISK="$LAB/lab.qcow2"; CLEAN="$LAB/lab-clean.qcow2"; SEED="$LAB/seed.iso"
LOG="$LAB/console.log"; PIDFILE="$LAB/qemu.pid"
. "$(dirname "$0")/lib.sh"
[ -f "$ROOT/$CASE" ] || { echo "no such case: $CASE" >&2; exit 1; }
[ "${KEEP:-}" = 1 ] || "$(dirname "$0")/reset.sh"
vm_running || { echo "the lab is not up -- run e2e/vm/up.sh" >&2; exit 1; }
echo "==> building the installer"
(cd "$ROOT" && GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o "$LAB/inbuxa" ./cmd/inbuxa)
echo "==> copying it in"
vm_scp "$LAB/inbuxa" [email protected]:/tmp/inbuxa >/dev/null
vm_scp "$ROOT/$CASE" [email protected]:/tmp/case.sh >/dev/null
vm_ssh 'chmod +x /tmp/inbuxa /tmp/case.sh'
echo "==> running $(basename "$CASE")"
vm_ssh 'sudo -E bash /tmp/case.sh'
Executable
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#!/bin/bash
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Coffey Labs
# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
#
# Build the throwaway machine the installer is tested on.
#
# The installer writes units, creates users, takes 25 and 443 and can install
# a web server. None of that belongs on a workstation, and none of it can be
# proved in a container either -- systemd, users and ports are the thing under
# test. So: a Debian cloud image in qemu, seeded with cloud-init, with a copy
# of the disk kept the moment it is up. Every run starts from that copy, so a
# run can break the machine as thoroughly as it likes.
#
# e2e/vm/up.sh build it and keep a clean copy (idempotent)
# e2e/vm/reset.sh back to the clean copy, a few seconds
# e2e/vm/run.sh build the installer, copy it in, run a case inside
# e2e/vm/down.sh stop it and remove its disks
#
# Plain qemu, run as you, rather than libvirt: no root, no storage pool, no
# permissions to argue with, and the logs are readable. Networking is qemu's
# user-mode NAT with ssh forwarded to 127.0.0.1:2222, which gives the guest
# the internet it needs to pull images without putting it on the LAN.
#
# Needs: qemu-system-x86_64, /dev/kvm, xorriso, ssh, curl.
set -euo pipefail
LAB="${LAB:-$HOME/.cache/inbuxa-lab}"
MEM="${MEM:-4096}"
VCPUS="${VCPUS:-2}"
DISK_GB="${DISK_GB:-20}"
SSH_PORT="${SSH_PORT:-2222}"
BASE_URL="https://cloud.debian.org/images/cloud/trixie/latest/debian-13-genericcloud-amd64.qcow2"
BASE="$LAB/debian-13-base.qcow2"
DISK="$LAB/lab.qcow2"
CLEAN="$LAB/lab-clean.qcow2"
SEED="$LAB/seed.iso"
LOG="$LAB/console.log"
PIDFILE="$LAB/qemu.pid"
KEY="${KEY:-$HOME/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub}"
say() { echo "==> $*"; }
. "$(dirname "$0")/lib.sh"
[ -r "$KEY" ] || { echo "no public key at $KEY (set KEY=)" >&2; exit 1; }
[ -w /dev/kvm ] || { echo "no writable /dev/kvm -- is this user in the kvm group?" >&2; exit 1; }
if vm_running; then
say "already up on 127.0.0.1:$SSH_PORT -- reset.sh rewinds it, down.sh removes it"
exit 0
fi
mkdir -p "$LAB"
if [ ! -f "$BASE" ]; then
say "fetching the base image (once)"
curl -fL --progress-bar -o "$BASE.part" "$BASE_URL"
mv "$BASE.part" "$BASE"
fi
# cloud-init: one unprivileged user with our key and passwordless sudo, and
# almost nothing else. The installer is what is under test, so the machine
# should be as plain as a new VPS -- if the installer needs a package, the
# installer should say so rather than the lab quietly providing it.
WORK="$(mktemp -d)"
trap 'rm -rf "$WORK"' EXIT
cat > "$WORK/meta-data" <<EOF
instance-id: inbuxa-lab
local-hostname: inbuxa-lab
EOF
cat > "$WORK/user-data" <<EOF
#cloud-config
users:
- name: lab
sudo: ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
shell: /bin/bash
ssh_authorized_keys:
- $(cat "$KEY")
package_update: true
packages:
- curl
- ca-certificates
- openssl
- python3
growpart:
mode: auto
devices: ['/']
resize_rootfs: true
write_files:
- path: /etc/inbuxa-lab
content: |
This machine exists to be broken by e2e/vm/run.sh. Nothing on it is kept.
EOF
say "building the seed"
xorriso -as mkisofs -quiet -o "$SEED" -V CIDATA -J -r "$WORK/user-data" "$WORK/meta-data"
# An overlay on the base, so the download is written once and every rebuild is
# instant. The base itself is never modified.
say "building the disk"
rm -f "$DISK"
qemu-img create -q -f qcow2 -F qcow2 -b "$BASE" "$DISK" "${DISK_GB}G"
say "starting the machine"
vm_start
say "waiting for ssh on 127.0.0.1:$SSH_PORT"
for _ in $(seq 1 90); do
if vm_ssh true 2>/dev/null; then break; fi
sleep 2
done
vm_ssh true 2>/dev/null || { echo "no ssh after three minutes; see $LOG" >&2; exit 1; }
say "waiting for cloud-init to finish"
vm_ssh 'sudo cloud-init status --wait >/dev/null 2>&1 || true'
say "keeping a clean copy of the disk"
vm_stop
cp --reflink=auto "$DISK" "$CLEAN"
vm_start
for _ in $(seq 1 90); do
if vm_ssh true 2>/dev/null; then break; fi
sleep 2
done
say "up: ssh [email protected] -p $SSH_PORT (console log: $LOG)"
vm_ssh 'echo " guest:" $(. /etc/os-release && echo $PRETTY_NAME) "| kernel" $(uname -r) "| disk" $(df -h / | awk "NR==2{print \$2}")'
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module git.coffeylabs.org/inbuxa/inbuxa-installer
go 1.26.8
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// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Coffey Labs
// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
// Package host looks at the machine the installer is running on and reports
// what it found. Nothing here changes anything.
//
// This is the first screen of the interface and the floor under every choice
// after it: a component can only offer "container" if there is a usable
// Docker, or "host" if this is a systemd machine with the pieces that shape
// needs. The survey is taken once, so the plan and the interface are arguing
// from the same facts.
package host
import (
"bufio"
"context"
"errors"
"fmt"
"net"
"os"
"os/exec"
"os/user"
"path/filepath"
"regexp"
"strconv"
"strings"
"syscall"
"time"
)
// Facts is everything the installer knows about this machine before it asks
// anybody anything.
type Facts struct {
OS OSInfo
Root bool // running as uid 0
Systemd bool // systemd is pid 1
Docker Docker //
Node Node //
Ports []Port // the ports the suite wants, and who holds them
DiskFreeGB int // on the filesystem that would hold the install
MemoryMB int
Existing string // path of a previous install's state file, or ""
}
// OSInfo is the distribution, as os-release describes it.
type OSInfo struct {
ID string // "debian", "ubuntu", "fedora"…
VersionID string // "13", "24.04"
Pretty string
Family string // "debian", "rhel", "arch", "suse", "" when unknown
}
// Docker is whether containers are a real option for this user.
type Docker struct {
Present bool
Usable bool // the daemon answers *as this user*, which is the part that matters
Version string //
Compose string // "v2" when `docker compose` works, "" otherwise
Why string // why it is unusable, in a sentence fit to show someone
}
// Node is what a host install of the webmail would run on.
type Node struct {
Present bool
Version string // "22.14.0"
Major int
Why string
}
// Port is one of the ports the suite would like, and what holds it now.
type Port struct {
Number int
For string // what wants it
Free bool
Unknown bool // could not be tested: binding it needs privileges we lack
Holder string // best guess at the process, when we can see one
}
// wanted is every port the suite can ask for, with what asks. The survey
// reports all of them regardless of the shape chosen, because the interface
// needs to gray out a choice before the operator makes it.
var wanted = []struct {
n int
for_ string
}{
{25, "SMTP, mail from other servers"},
{80, "HTTP, for certificates and the redirect"},
{443, "HTTPS, the front ends and JMAP"},
{465, "submissions, mail apps sending"},
{993, "IMAPS, mail apps reading"},
{995, "POP3S, mail apps collecting"},
{4190, "ManageSieve, filters from mail apps"},
{8080, "the webmail, behind the proxy"},
{8081, "the server's plain HTTP, behind the proxy"},
}
// Survey takes the whole survey. It never fails: a fact it cannot establish
// is reported as absent with a reason, because "we could not tell" is itself
// something the operator should see.
func Survey(ctx context.Context) Facts {
f := Facts{
OS: readOSRelease("/etc/os-release"),
Systemd: isSystemd(),
Docker: surveyDocker(ctx),
Node: surveyNode(ctx),
MemoryMB: memoryMB(),
}
if u, err := user.Current(); err == nil {
f.Root = u.Uid == "0"
}
for _, w := range wanted {
f.Ports = append(f.Ports, surveyPort(w.n, w.for_))
}
f.DiskFreeGB = diskFreeGB("/var/lib")
for _, p := range []string{"/etc/inbuxa/install.json"} {
if _, err := os.Stat(p); err == nil {
f.Existing = p
}
}
return f
}
func readOSRelease(path string) OSInfo {
var o OSInfo
file, err := os.Open(path)
if err != nil {
return o
}
defer file.Close()
fields := map[string]string{}
s := bufio.NewScanner(file)
for s.Scan() {
line := strings.TrimSpace(s.Text())
k, v, ok := strings.Cut(line, "=")
if !ok {
continue
}
fields[k] = strings.Trim(v, `"'`)
}
o.ID = fields["ID"]
o.VersionID = fields["VERSION_ID"]
o.Pretty = fields["PRETTY_NAME"]
like := fields["ID_LIKE"] + " " + o.ID
switch {
case strings.Contains(like, "debian"), strings.Contains(like, "ubuntu"):
o.Family = "debian"
case strings.Contains(like, "rhel"), strings.Contains(like, "fedora"), strings.Contains(like, "centos"):
o.Family = "rhel"
case strings.Contains(like, "arch"):
o.Family = "arch"
case strings.Contains(like, "suse"):
o.Family = "suse"
}
return o
}
func isSystemd() bool {
// /run/systemd/system exists exactly when systemd is running the machine,
// which is what systemd's own documentation says to test.
st, err := os.Stat("/run/systemd/system")
return err == nil && st.IsDir()
}
func surveyDocker(ctx context.Context) Docker {
var d Docker
bin, err := exec.LookPath("docker")
if err != nil {
d.Why = "docker is not installed"
return d
}
d.Present = true
ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 10*time.Second)
defer cancel()
// `docker version` talks to the daemon, unlike `docker --version`, so it
// answers the question that matters: can *this user* run containers?
out, err := exec.CommandContext(ctx, bin, "version", "--format", "{{.Server.Version}}").CombinedOutput()
if err != nil {
d.Why = firstLine(string(out))
if d.Why == "" {
d.Why = "the docker daemon did not answer"
}
return d
}
d.Usable = true
d.Version = strings.TrimSpace(string(out))
if err := exec.CommandContext(ctx, bin, "compose", "version").Run(); err == nil {
d.Compose = "v2"
} else {
d.Usable = false
d.Why = "docker compose (v2) is not available"
}
return d
}
var nodeVersion = regexp.MustCompile(`^v(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)`)
func surveyNode(ctx context.Context) Node {
var n Node
bin, err := exec.LookPath("node")
if err != nil {
n.Why = "node is not installed"
return n
}
n.Present = true
ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 5*time.Second)
defer cancel()
out, err := exec.CommandContext(ctx, bin, "--version").Output()
if err != nil {
n.Why = "node is installed but would not run"
return n
}
m := nodeVersion.FindStringSubmatch(strings.TrimSpace(string(out)))
if m == nil {
n.Why = "node's version could not be read"
return n
}
n.Version = strings.TrimPrefix(strings.TrimSpace(string(out)), "v")
n.Major, _ = strconv.Atoi(m[1])
return n
}
// surveyPort reports whether a port is free, and who has it when it is not.
// Binding is the only honest test -- something listening on 0.0.0.0 and
// something listening on one address are different answers, and /proc tells
// us the second only after the first has failed.
func surveyPort(n int, for_ string) Port {
p := Port{Number: n, For: for_}
l, err := net.Listen("tcp", fmt.Sprintf(":%d", n))
if err == nil {
l.Close()
p.Free = true
return p
}
// "I am not allowed to bind this" is not "something is listening here".
// Reporting the first as the second told an unprivileged run that every
// port below 1024 was taken, which is a lie an operator would act on.
if errors.Is(err, syscall.EACCES) || errors.Is(err, syscall.EPERM) {
p.Unknown = true
if h := holderOf(n); h != "" {
p.Holder = h
p.Unknown = false
}
return p
}
p.Holder = holderOf(n)
return p
}
// holderOf is a best effort at naming the process on a port, for the sake of
// a message like "443 is held by nginx" instead of "443 is busy". It reads
// /proc, which means it only sees the whole truth as root; a guess is better
// than nothing and the caller treats it as one.
func holderOf(port int) string {
inodes := map[string]bool{}
for _, tab := range []string{"/proc/net/tcp", "/proc/net/tcp6"} {
file, err := os.Open(tab)
if err != nil {
continue
}
s := bufio.NewScanner(file)
s.Scan() // header
for s.Scan() {
fields := strings.Fields(s.Text())
if len(fields) < 10 {
continue
}
_, portHex, ok := strings.Cut(fields[1], ":")
if !ok {
continue
}
n, err := strconv.ParseInt(portHex, 16, 32)
if err != nil || int(n) != port {
continue
}
if fields[3] != "0A" { // 0A = LISTEN
continue
}
inodes[fields[9]] = true
}
file.Close()
}
if len(inodes) == 0 {
return ""
}
procs, err := filepath.Glob("/proc/[0-9]*/fd/*")
if err != nil {
return ""
}
for _, fd := range procs {
link, err := os.Readlink(fd)
if err != nil || !strings.HasPrefix(link, "socket:[") {
continue
}
inode := strings.TrimSuffix(strings.TrimPrefix(link, "socket:["), "]")
if !inodes[inode] {
continue
}
pid := strings.Split(fd, "/")[2]
if comm, err := os.ReadFile("/proc/" + pid + "/comm"); err == nil {
return strings.TrimSpace(string(comm)) + " (pid " + pid + ")"
}
}
return ""
}
func memoryMB() int {
file, err := os.Open("/proc/meminfo")
if err != nil {
return 0
}
defer file.Close()
s := bufio.NewScanner(file)
for s.Scan() {
if !strings.HasPrefix(s.Text(), "MemTotal:") {
continue
}
fields := strings.Fields(s.Text())
if len(fields) < 2 {
return 0
}
kb, _ := strconv.Atoi(fields[1])
return kb / 1024
}
return 0
}
func diskFreeGB(path string) int {
out, err := exec.Command("df", "-BG", "--output=avail", path).Output()
if err != nil {
return 0
}
lines := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(string(out)), "\n")
if len(lines) < 2 {
return 0
}
n, _ := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSuffix(strings.TrimSpace(lines[1]), "G"))
return n
}
func firstLine(s string) string {
s = strings.TrimSpace(s)
if i := strings.IndexByte(s, '\n'); i >= 0 {
s = s[:i]
}
return s
}
// PortsHeld returns the wanted ports that are not free, for the shapes that
// need them. An empty result is what lets an install proceed unasked.
func (f Facts) PortsHeld(numbers ...int) []Port {
want := map[int]bool{}
for _, n := range numbers {
want[n] = true
}
var held []Port
for _, p := range f.Ports {
if want[p.Number] && !p.Free && !p.Unknown {
held = append(held, p)
}
}
return held
}
// Port returns one surveyed port by number.
func (f Facts) Port(n int) (Port, bool) {
for _, p := range f.Ports {
if p.Number == n {
return p, true
}
}
return Port{}, false
}
+413
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,413 @@
// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Coffey Labs
// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
// Package plan turns what the operator chose, and what the machine is, into
// the list of things that would happen -- before any of them do.
//
// Everything the installer does goes through a plan. The interface shows it
// on its fifth screen, `--dry-run` prints it and stops, and apply walks it.
// One list, three readers: what you are shown is what runs.
package plan
import (
"fmt"
"strings"
"git.coffeylabs.org/inbuxa/inbuxa-installer/internal/host"
)
// Component is one of the three programs.
type Component string
const (
Server Component = "server"
Console Component = "console"
Webmail Component = "webmail"
)
// Shape is how a component is installed here.
type Shape string
const (
Skip Shape = "skip"
Container Shape = "container"
Host Shape = "host"
)
// Names as they are shown to a person. The programs have names; the
// components have jobs.
var names = map[Component]string{
Server: "inbuxa-server (the mail server)",
Console: "inbuxa Admin (the console)",
Webmail: "inbuxa webmail",
}
// Choice is one row of the matrix.
type Choice struct {
Component Component
Shape Shape
}
// Options is everything the six screens collect.
type Options struct {
Domain string
MailHost string
ConsoleHost string
WebmailHost string
ACMEEmail string
Local bool // loopback evaluation: no public ports, no certificates
Dir string
Proxy string // "caddy", "snippets", "none"
Choices []Choice
}
// Shape returns what was chosen for a component.
func (o Options) Shape(c Component) Shape {
for _, ch := range o.Choices {
if ch.Component == c {
return ch.Shape
}
}
return Skip
}
// Defaults fills in the names that follow from the domain, leaving anything
// the operator set alone.
func (o *Options) Defaults() {
if o.Domain == "" {
return
}
if o.MailHost == "" {
o.MailHost = "mail." + o.Domain
}
if o.ConsoleHost == "" {
o.ConsoleHost = "admin." + o.Domain
}
if o.WebmailHost == "" {
o.WebmailHost = "webmail." + o.Domain
}
if o.ACMEEmail == "" {
o.ACMEEmail = "postmaster@" + o.Domain
}
if o.Dir == "" {
o.Dir = "/var/lib/inbuxa"
}
if o.Proxy == "" {
o.Proxy = "caddy"
}
}
// Availability says whether a shape can be chosen for a component on this
// machine, and why not when it cannot. The interface dims what it cannot
// offer and shows the reason beside it; a flag that asks for it anyway gets
// the same sentence as an error.
type Availability struct {
OK bool
Why string
}
// Available answers for one cell of the matrix.
func Available(f host.Facts, c Component, s Shape) Availability {
switch s {
case Skip:
return Availability{OK: true}
case Container:
if !f.Docker.Present {
return Availability{Why: "docker is not installed"}
}
if !f.Docker.Usable {
return Availability{Why: f.Docker.Why}
}
return Availability{OK: true}
case Host:
if !f.Systemd {
return Availability{Why: "a host install needs systemd, which is not running this machine"}
}
switch c {
case Server:
return Availability{OK: true}
case Console:
return Availability{OK: true}
case Webmail:
if !f.Node.Present {
return Availability{Why: "a host install of the webmail needs Node 22 or newer; none is installed"}
}
if f.Node.Major < 22 {
return Availability{Why: fmt.Sprintf("a host install of the webmail needs Node 22 or newer; found %s", f.Node.Version)}
}
return Availability{OK: true}
}
}
return Availability{Why: "unknown shape"}
}
// Step is one thing the installer will do, in the order it will do it.
type Step struct {
Title string // shown as a line in the plan and ticked off during apply
Detail []string // the files, units, containers and ports it touches
}
// Plan is the whole of it.
type Plan struct {
Options Options
Steps []Step
Ports []int // what will be bound, once, across every component
DNS []string // records the domain needs for this shape
Warnings []string // things that are not refusals but should be read
}
// Build works out what would happen. It does not touch the machine: every
// fact it needs is in the survey it was given.
func Build(f host.Facts, o Options) (Plan, error) {
o.Defaults()
p := Plan{Options: o}
if o.Domain == "" && !o.Local {
return p, fmt.Errorf("a domain is needed (or --local for a loopback evaluation)")
}
chosen := 0
for _, c := range []Component{Server, Console, Webmail} {
s := o.Shape(c)
if s == Skip {
continue
}
chosen++
if a := Available(f, c, s); !a.OK {
return p, fmt.Errorf("%s as a %s install: %s", names[c], s, a.Why)
}
}
if chosen == 0 {
return p, fmt.Errorf("nothing chosen: pick at least one component")
}
if !f.Root {
p.Warnings = append(p.Warnings, "not running as root: installing units, users and files under /etc will fail")
}
if f.MemoryMB > 0 && f.MemoryMB < 2048 {
p.Warnings = append(p.Warnings, fmt.Sprintf("%d MB of memory: a mail server with a full text index wants 2 GB or more", f.MemoryMB))
}
if f.DiskFreeGB > 0 && f.DiskFreeGB < 10 {
p.Warnings = append(p.Warnings, fmt.Sprintf("%d GB free: mail, indexes and images need room to grow", f.DiskFreeGB))
}
if f.Existing != "" {
p.Warnings = append(p.Warnings, "an install is already recorded in "+f.Existing+": this run will converge it, not duplicate it")
}
p.Steps = append(p.Steps, Step{
Title: "Write the deployment directory",
Detail: []string{o.Dir + "/ (configuration, state and the credentials file)"},
})
if s := o.Shape(Server); s != Skip {
p.Ports = append(p.Ports, 25, 465, 993, 995, 4190)
switch s {
case Container:
p.Steps = append(p.Steps, Step{
Title: "Start the mail server as a container",
Detail: []string{
"image: registry.coffeylabs.org/inbuxa/inbuxa-server (pinned by digest)",
"volumes: inbuxa-data, inbuxa-etc",
"ports: 25, 465, 993, 995, 4190, and 8081 on loopback for the proxy",
},
})
case Host:
p.Steps = append(p.Steps, Step{
Title: "Install the mail server on this machine",
Detail: []string{
"binary: /usr/local/bin/inbuxa-server, from the release on git.coffeylabs.org",
"user: inbuxa (system, no login), data in " + o.Dir + "/server",
"unit: /etc/systemd/system/inbuxa-server.service",
},
})
}
p.Steps = append(p.Steps, Step{
Title: "First boot",
Detail: []string{
"bootstrap over JMAP, then set the front-end URLs, which registers both first-party OAuth clients",
"turn on ACME, trust the proxy, create the first account",
"write " + o.Dir + "/credentials and " + o.Dir + "/dns.zone",
},
})
}
if s := o.Shape(Console); s != Skip {
switch s {
case Container:
p.Steps = append(p.Steps, Step{
Title: "Start the console as a container",
Detail: []string{
"image: registry.coffeylabs.org/inbuxa/inbuxa-admin (pinned by digest)",
"port: 8082 on loopback, behind the proxy",
},
})
case Host:
p.Steps = append(p.Steps, Step{
Title: "Install the console on this machine",
Detail: []string{
"files: " + o.Dir + "/console (static, served by the proxy)",
"no service: it is a page, not a program",
},
})
}
}
if s := o.Shape(Webmail); s != Skip {
switch s {
case Container:
p.Steps = append(p.Steps, Step{
Title: "Start the webmail as a container",
Detail: []string{
"image: registry.coffeylabs.org/inbuxa/ihasmail-inbuxa (pinned by digest)",
"port: 8080 on loopback, behind the proxy",
"secret: the OAuth client secret from first boot, written once",
},
})
case Host:
p.Steps = append(p.Steps, Step{
Title: "Install the webmail on this machine",
Detail: []string{
"files: " + o.Dir + "/webmail, from the release tarball",
"user: inbuxa-webmail (system, no login)",
"unit: /etc/systemd/system/inbuxa-webmail.service, listening on 127.0.0.1:8080",
},
})
}
}
if !o.Local {
switch o.Proxy {
case "caddy":
p.Ports = append(p.Ports, 80, 443)
p.Steps = append(p.Steps, Step{
Title: "Put a proxy in front, with certificates",
Detail: []string{
"caddy, managed by the installer",
"names: " + strings.Join(o.hostnames(), ", "),
"ports: 80 and 443",
},
})
case "snippets":
p.Steps = append(p.Steps, Step{
Title: "Write proxy configuration for the web server already here",
Detail: []string{
o.Dir + "/proxy/nginx-inbuxa.conf and " + o.Dir + "/proxy/Caddyfile.fragment",
"nothing is loaded or restarted: that stays yours",
},
})
}
}
p.Steps = append(p.Steps, Step{
Title: "Check it works",
Detail: []string{
"the server answers JMAP and reports its version",
"each front end answers, and points at the server it was configured with",
"the ports that should be open are, and the ones that should not are not",
},
})
p.DNS = o.dnsRecords()
for _, held := range f.PortsHeld(p.Ports...) {
who := held.Holder
if who == "" {
who = "something this user cannot see"
}
p.Warnings = append(p.Warnings, fmt.Sprintf("port %d (%s) is held by %s", held.Number, held.For, who))
}
return p, nil
}
func (o Options) hostnames() []string {
var names []string
if o.Shape(Server) != Skip {
names = append(names, o.MailHost)
}
if o.Shape(Console) != Skip {
names = append(names, o.ConsoleHost)
}
if o.Shape(Webmail) != Skip {
names = append(names, o.WebmailHost)
}
return names
}
func (o Options) dnsRecords() []string {
if o.Local || o.Domain == "" {
return nil
}
var r []string
if o.Shape(Server) != Skip {
r = append(r,
fmt.Sprintf("%-28s MX 10 %s.", o.Domain+".", o.MailHost),
fmt.Sprintf("%-28s A this machine", o.MailHost+"."),
fmt.Sprintf("%-28s TXT \"v=spf1 mx -all\"", o.Domain+"."),
fmt.Sprintf("%-28s TXT the DKIM key first boot generates", "*._domainkey."+o.Domain+"."),
fmt.Sprintf("%-28s TXT \"v=DMARC1; p=reject; rua=mailto:postmaster@%s\"", "_dmarc."+o.Domain+".", o.Domain),
)
}
if o.Shape(Console) != Skip {
r = append(r, fmt.Sprintf("%-28s A this machine", o.ConsoleHost+"."))
}
if o.Shape(Webmail) != Skip {
r = append(r, fmt.Sprintf("%-28s A this machine", o.WebmailHost+"."))
}
r = append(r, "(first boot writes the exact records, including the keys, to dns.zone)")
return r
}
// String renders the plan the way the fifth screen and --dry-run show it.
func (p Plan) String() string {
var b strings.Builder
o := p.Options
fmt.Fprintf(&b, "Plan for %s\n\n", describe(o))
for i, s := range p.Steps {
fmt.Fprintf(&b, "%2d. %s\n", i+1, s.Title)
for _, d := range s.Detail {
fmt.Fprintf(&b, " %s\n", d)
}
}
if len(p.Ports) > 0 {
fmt.Fprintf(&b, "\nPorts it will bind: %s\n", joinInts(p.Ports))
}
if len(p.DNS) > 0 {
b.WriteString("\nThe domain will need:\n")
for _, r := range p.DNS {
fmt.Fprintf(&b, " %s\n", r)
}
}
if len(p.Warnings) > 0 {
b.WriteString("\nWorth reading first:\n")
for _, w := range p.Warnings {
fmt.Fprintf(&b, " - %s\n", w)
}
}
return b.String()
}
func describe(o Options) string {
var parts []string
for _, c := range []Component{Server, Console, Webmail} {
if s := o.Shape(c); s != Skip {
parts = append(parts, fmt.Sprintf("%s as a %s install", names[c], s))
}
}
where := o.Domain
if o.Local {
where = "a loopback evaluation"
}
return strings.Join(parts, ", ") + " -- " + where
}
func joinInts(n []int) string {
seen := map[int]bool{}
var out []string
for _, i := range n {
if seen[i] {
continue
}
seen[i] = true
out = append(out, fmt.Sprint(i))
}
return strings.Join(out, ", ")
}