linuxexpert-practice-labs/labs/linux-plus/2-4-1-package-managers/README.md

Linux+ 2.4.1: Package managers

Asking which package owns a file, installing and removing with a history to show for it, and holding a package back from upgrades.

Before you start

The lab notes where your package history stands, so it can see what you install and remove from now on. It needs tree not to be installed. Write answers to the files in /root/lab-answers/.

Tasks

1. Find out which package owns /usr/bin/ssh, and write the package name (without version) to /root/lab-answers/1. Look at its description and file list too.
2. Install tree, check the package history, and then remove it again (on RHEL relatives, by undoing the last transaction).
3. Hold bash so that upgrades skip it, and check that an upgrade leaves it alone. Leave the hold in place for grading.

Hints

• rpm -qf, rpm -qi, rpm -ql; dpkg -S, dpkg -s, dpkg -L.
• dnf history, dnf history undo last; apt install, apt remove, /var/log/apt/history.log.
• dnf versionlock add (package python3-dnf-plugin-versionlock), dnf upgrade --assumeno; apt-mark hold, apt-mark showhold.
• The chapter's step 4 (the signing keys you trust) isn't graded.